What is Orthorexia?
Orthorexia, or Orthorexia Nervosa, is an eating disorder characterized by an obsession with “clean,” “healthy,” or “pure” eating. While a focus on nutrition can be positive, orthorexia goes beyond healthy eating habits into a rigid, restrictive, and often damaging relationship with food. The individual becomes consumed by the idea of achieving perfect health through diet, which can lead to malnutrition, social isolation, and a constant preoccupation with food choices.
Unlike other eating disorders, orthorexia isn't driven by a desire to lose weight or alter body appearance, but rather by an intense fixation on the quality of food. It’s about controlling one's environment and self-worth through rigid dietary rules, which can spiral into a harmful obsession.
Because orthorexia often masquerades as "healthy" behavior, it can be difficult to recognize. Common signs may include:
- Obsessive focus on food quality, sourcing, or ingredients (e.g., avoiding foods due to perceived contamination, even when unnecessary).
- Rigid dietary rules that lead to restriction of entire food groups.
- Feelings of guilt, shame, or anxiety after consuming “forbidden” foods.
- Judging others' eating habits or feeling morally superior due to one’s own dietary choices.
- Neglecting other aspects of life, such as social connections, hobbies, or personal well-being, due to a preoccupation with food.
Often, those with orthorexia may not realize their focus on health is problematic. Raising awareness involves recognizing when the quest for "perfect health" starts to interfere with mental, emotional, and physical well-being. If you or someone you know seems overly consumed by these behaviors, it may be time to take a closer look.